3 Essential Watercolor Washes for Beginners(Flat, Graded, Variegated)

Graded wash watercolor painting

Watercolor washes are one of the first things to learn, and they’re the base of so many paintings.
They’re also a really nice way to get a feel for how water and pigment move together.

These three washes—flat, graded, and variegated—are simple, but they teach you a lot just by practicing them.

Flat wash watercolor painting

Flat Wash

A flat wash is an even layer of one color across the page.

How to do it:

  • Load your brush with paint and water

  • Apply it in smooth strokes across the paper

  • Try to keep the color consistent as you go

Tip:
Work while the paint is still wet so everything blends together evenly.

Graded wash watercolor painting

Graded Wash

A graded wash fades from dark to light.

How to do it:

  • Start with more pigment at the top

  • As you move down, add a little water to your brush

  • Let the color gradually get lighter

Tip:
Rinse your brush slightly between strokes to keep the transition soft.

Variegated wash watercolor painting

Variegated Wash

A variegated wash is when you blend two (or more) colors together.

How to do it:

  • Lay down one color

  • While it’s still wet, drop in another color

  • Let them mix naturally on the paper

Tip:
Try not to overwork it—this one looks best when you let it do its thing.

You don’t have to get these perfect. Just practicing them will help you understand watercolor a lot more.

Start with the one that feels easiest and go from there.

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